Ground-ivy (Glechoma hederacea)

Family: Lamiaceae

Common name: Ground-ivy

Scientific name: Glechoma hederacea

Date taken: 1/4/2023

Notes: Common understory herb in woodlands. Leaves give off a flagrant smell when crushed. Stems creeping, strongly angular.

White Dead-nettle (Lamium album)

Family: Lamiaceae

Common name: White Dead-nettle

Scientific name: Lamium album

Date taken: 1/4/2023

Notes: Very common in agricultural fields, wastelands, and roadsides.

Black Horehound (Ballota nigra)

Family: Lamiaceae

Common name: Black Horehound

Scientific name: Ballota nigra

Date taken: 4/7/2022

Notes: Weed growing in the back garden. Could be mistaken as Red Dead-nettle (Lamium purpureum) from afar, but flowers are shaped differently. With calyx tubes long and funnel-shaped.

Red Dead-nettle (Lamium purpureum)

Family: Lamiaceae

Common name: Red Dead-nettle

Scientific name: Lamium purpureum

Date taken: 26/2/2023, 1/4/2023 (white form)

Notes: Common weed found in cultivated fields, roadsides, and wastelands. 

Note 2: I recently came across a white form of the species (not to be confused with White Dead-nettle Lamium album). The plants were found growing side-by-side with plants with normal pigmentation, which is nice for direct comparison. The white form not only lack pigmentation on the corolla of flowers, but also have bright green instead of reddish young leaves. The plants were also slightly smaller, so I suspect the mutation might carry a slight disadvantage one way or the other.

Gypsywort (Lycopus europaeus)

 Family: Lamiaceae

Common name: Gypsywort

Scientific name: Lycopus europaeus

Date taken: 30/7/2022 (photos 4-5) and 28/8/2022 (photos 1-3)

Notes: Found in wet places and ditches. Leaves distinctive, deeply toothed to pinnately-lobed.

 

Water mint (Mentha aquatica)

Family: Lamiaceae

Common name: Water mint

Scientific name: Mentha aquatica

Date taken: 10/7/2022 

Notes: Leaves very fragrant when crushed.

Selfheal (Prunella vulgaris)

 Family: Lamiaceae

Common name: Selfheal

Scientific name: Prunella vulgaris

Date taken: 10/7/2022